石鳖和拟帽贝消化酶解离海藻效果的研究     

《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):237-241

以藻类为食的石鳖和拟帽贝的消化腺中 含有酶解藻类的消化酶,从这两种海产贝类中提取混合酶能够成为对海藻细胞遗传学研究有 效的工具酶。通过对20种青岛海滨常见藻类酶解效果的比较发现：(1)该酶对各种藻类均有 一定的解离作用,尤其对红藻效果好,对绿藻次之;(2)解离时间相对较短,一般在1h左右 ,解离甘紫菜30min即可有50％的单细胞游离。贝类混合消化酶由于综合多种贝类的食性特 征,具有比单一动物消化酶更广泛的消化作用。  相似文献   

Characterization of fisheries dependence in Galicia (Spain)     

《Marine Policy》2014

The management of marine ecosystems requires adequate knowledge of both environmental and human dimensions, as well as their interrelationships. In this study, the aquaculture and fisheries activities are analyzed in one of most important fishing regions in Europe, Galicia (NW Spain). In particular, the intensity and characteristics of the fishing dependency are evaluated in terms of income and employment. Thus, nine marine economic activities for nine Maritime Zones have been defined, considering the social and economic relevance of the provided ecosystem services to these communities. This paper highlights the entire Galician coast as fishing-dependent, independently of the urbanization level. Furthermore, the contribution of different fishery segments to the income and employment of these coastal communities is reviewed, including fluctuations on whether the activity is small or large-scale. Finally, this study establishes a strong relationship among the marine activities, which generate most employment, and the regulatory framework of the Regional Government. Therefore, the conclusions are relevant to design and implement policies that affect Galicia׳s Region and all its related marine ecosystems.  相似文献   

Performance of a northwestern Mediterranean bottom trawl fleet: How the integration of landings and VMS data can contribute to the implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management     

《Marine Policy》2014

The European Union has established a framework to achieve or maintain good environmental status in the marine environment by 2020. The Marine Strategy Framework Directive requires the application of the ecosystem approach to the management of human activities, covering all sectors having an impact on the marine environment. However, fisheries in the Mediterranean are far from a systematic implementation of an ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). Aiming to address this issue, this study explores the potential of the relationship between daily yield by vessel (landings and income by species) and vessel position (known via vessel monitoring system) as a tool for fleet management. This approach is possible due to the current dynamics of Mediterranean fleets, with vessels returning daily to the harbour where landings are registered as weight and income by vessel. Moreover, vessels of >15 m total length have been compulsory monitored by VMS since 2005. A bottom trawl fleet that operates in the northwestern Mediterranean was chosen to develop this approach. Different groups of trawlers were identified, which could be linked to the strategies displayed by the fishermen that were mainly driven by the target species dynamics. Accurate knowledge of the fishing targets driving the fleet dynamics and of the fishing strategies at the vessel level (i.e. fishing ground habitat where the fishing pressure is exerted and corresponding landings) are shown to be a feasible tool for fleet management.  相似文献   

A novel and simple approach to define artisanal fisheries in Europe     

《Marine Policy》2014

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虚拟太阳天文台及其发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林钢华 《天文学进展》2006,24(2):93-99

伴随着太阳物理研究的深入、观测仪器的发展、观测数据的积累,促使人们去思考这样一个问题:如何使研究者能够方便地检索、分析和使用在不同时间、不同地点、不同波段上观测得到的大量与太阳有关的数据,从而能探索更多悬而未决的科学谜题。这就是虚拟太阳天文台(VSO)项目被提出后得到有关天文台、研究所和大学积极响应并迅速投入运作的原因所在。介绍了虚拟太阳天文台的由来、作用、采用的技术和发展状况等。  相似文献   

多功能旋挖钻机长螺旋钻具的研制          下载免费PDF全文

王三牛  李洪  宋刚  邵玉涛 《探矿工程》2010,37(5):45-48

通过对长螺旋钻进过程中阻力矩的计算,得出了不同直径和孔深情况下的阻力矩值,依此对长螺旋钻具的强度进行比对,给出了不同口径的长螺旋钻具参数。还介绍了长螺旋钻头的不同结构形式及配套器具,简述了多功能钻机长螺旋钻进施工工艺。  相似文献   

双翼弧平式长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具工艺技术研究     

黄选成  林世文  葛连英 《岩土工程技术》2010,24(4):189-193

通过对以往黏性土层锚杆钻具成孔出现的问题分析,查明了常规取芯钻具与短螺旋钻具在水平方向小角度成孔过程中,土体失去了原始均衡应力造成钻孔缩径,使扰土不能及时输出孔外,是产生堵孔塌孔的直接原因.为此研制了长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具,解决了成孔时扰土输出问题,创新的旋板解决了钻孔内壁土颗粒结构松弛问题,并且彻底解决了在黏性土层中锚杆成孔塌堵现象,保证锚杆成孔设计角度,形成一套较为标准的长螺旋锚杆钻具成孔操作规则.  相似文献   

新型堵漏工具——拦截式堵漏工具的研究          下载免费PDF全文

范钢  张宏刚  李前贵 《探矿工程》2012,39(2):42-44

针对大溶洞或裂缝漏失,利用研究的拦截式堵漏工具将堵漏浆拦截在一定位置,对大裂缝漏失地层、溶洞性漏失地层进行有效封堵,从而解决该类恶性漏失问题,提高钻探施工质量和钻探效率,降低钻探成本,为钻探工程特种漏失堵漏提供新途径。  相似文献   

天然气水合物非干扰绳索式保温保压取样钻具的研究          下载免费PDF全文

任红  许俊良  朱杰然 《探矿工程》2012,39(6):1-4

由于天然气水合物存在环境和性质的特殊性,使保温保压取样技术成为获得原位天然气水合物最有效的方法之一。保温保压取样钻具是获得天然气水合物真正物化特性的主要器具。通过多年对天然气水合物保温保压取样钻具的试验研究,设计了专门用于取海底沉积物和未成岩地层中水合物的非干扰绳索式保温保压取样钻具。介绍了钻具的结构、特点,及其配套的保温保压系统关键机构的功能、特点。对取心工艺和进行的海上功能性试验进行了详细说明,试验结果达到了设计要求。  相似文献   

大口径深孔钻具选用原则及建议          下载免费PDF全文

王振志  李艳丽  李晓晖 《探矿工程》2012,39(3):14-18

为了适应深孔钻探的需要,减少孔内事故的发生,阐述了深孔钻具的选用原则,对钻铤、钻杆、转换接头、方钻杆的选用方法进行了具体介绍,并就经常遇到的钻柱切口问题、临界钻压和转速问题提出了建议,为施工单位进行合理的钻具选用和组合提供了参考。  相似文献